Exhibit,Title,Label,Value,Unit,Method / note,Sources
1,Evidence boundary: concentration and capacity are different measures,"Solar supply-chain study, 2022",China’s share exceeded 80% at every major PV manufacturing stage; historical IEA finding.,Decision framework,"Keep study date, observation date and denominator separate. No historical solar share is relabelled as a current measurement.",https://www.iea.org/reports/solar-pv-global-supply-chains/executive-summary; https://www.iea.org/reports/global-ev-outlook-2026/electric-vehicle-batteries
1,Evidence boundary: concentration and capacity are different measures,"Battery capacity, end-2025","Global lithium-ion nameplate capacity exceeded 4 TWh; China held more than 80%, per IEA 2026.",Decision framework,"Keep study date, observation date and denominator separate. No historical solar share is relabelled as a current measurement.",https://www.iea.org/reports/solar-pv-global-supply-chains/executive-summary; https://www.iea.org/reports/global-ev-outlook-2026/electric-vehicle-batteries
1,Evidence boundary: concentration and capacity are different measures,What these figures do not measure,"Factory yield, saleable output, local costs or an individual supplier’s capability.",Decision framework,"Keep study date, observation date and denominator separate. No historical solar share is relabelled as a current measurement.",https://www.iea.org/reports/solar-pv-global-supply-chains/executive-summary; https://www.iea.org/reports/global-ev-outlook-2026/electric-vehicle-batteries
1,Evidence boundary: concentration and capacity are different measures,Procurement inference,Validate the actual process and factory; ecosystem scale is a starting point for diligence.,Decision framework,"Keep study date, observation date and denominator separate. No historical solar share is relabelled as a current measurement.",https://www.iea.org/reports/solar-pv-global-supply-chains/executive-summary; https://www.iea.org/reports/global-ev-outlook-2026/electric-vehicle-batteries
2,Hypothetical saleable output from a 1 GWh nameplate line,70% quality yield,598.5,MWh per year,Illustrative calculation: availability 90% and performance rate 95% held constant. Nameplate refers to the agreed production calendar; no industry-average claim.,
2,Hypothetical saleable output from a 1 GWh nameplate line,80% quality yield,684.0,MWh per year,Illustrative calculation: availability 90% and performance rate 95% held constant. Nameplate refers to the agreed production calendar; no industry-average claim.,
2,Hypothetical saleable output from a 1 GWh nameplate line,90% quality yield,769.5,MWh per year,Illustrative calculation: availability 90% and performance rate 95% held constant. Nameplate refers to the agreed production calendar; no industry-average claim.,
3,Fixed conversion cost rises as quality yield deteriorates,70% quality yield,33.41687552213868,US$/saleable kWh,"Same hypothetical line; $20m annual fixed conversion costs. Excludes materials, financing and variable costs. Model does not assume higher yield is costless.",
3,Fixed conversion cost rises as quality yield deteriorates,80% quality yield,29.239766081871345,US$/saleable kWh,"Same hypothetical line; $20m annual fixed conversion costs. Excludes materials, financing and variable costs. Model does not assume higher yield is costless.",
3,Fixed conversion cost rises as quality yield deteriorates,90% quality yield,25.99090318388564,US$/saleable kWh,"Same hypothetical line; $20m annual fixed conversion costs. Excludes materials, financing and variable costs. Model does not assume higher yield is costless.",
4,Illustrative cumulative yield across five sequential stages,95% per stage,77.37809374999998,% of initial input,Calculated product of five conditional stage yields. No statistical-independence assumption; rework and recovery excluded.,
4,Illustrative cumulative yield across five sequential stages,98% per stage,90.39207968,% of initial input,Calculated product of five conditional stage yields. No statistical-independence assumption; rework and recovery excluded.,
5,From equipment delivery to qualified production,Machine functionality,Verify agreed individual functions and documented configuration.,Decision framework,BaiyX analytical acceptance framework. Contractual thresholds must be derived from the actual product and customer requirements.,
5,From equipment delivery to qualified production,Line integration,"Demonstrate material flow, interfaces, controls and recovery after stops.",Decision framework,BaiyX analytical acceptance framework. Contractual thresholds must be derived from the actual product and customer requirements.,
5,From equipment delivery to qualified production,Sustained output,"Use representative materials, product, staffing and quality rules over an agreed run.",Decision framework,BaiyX analytical acceptance framework. Contractual thresholds must be derived from the actual product and customer requirements.,
5,From equipment delivery to qualified production,Customer qualification,Owner-led evidence process; separate from machine acceptance and commercial offtake.,Decision framework,BaiyX analytical acceptance framework. Contractual thresholds must be derived from the actual product and customer requirements.,
6,Hypothetical factory funding requirement: machinery is half the total,Production equipment,50,US$ million,"Invented funding example totals $100m before contingency and financing. A 10% equipment discount saves $5m, equal to 5% of this total.",
6,Hypothetical factory funding requirement: machinery is half the total,Facility and utilities,20,US$ million,"Invented funding example totals $100m before contingency and financing. A 10% equipment discount saves $5m, equal to 5% of this total.",
6,Hypothetical factory funding requirement: machinery is half the total,Commissioning/qualification,10,US$ million,"Invented funding example totals $100m before contingency and financing. A 10% equipment discount saves $5m, equal to 5% of this total.",
6,Hypothetical factory funding requirement: machinery is half the total,Initial working capital,20,US$ million,"Invented funding example totals $100m before contingency and financing. A 10% equipment discount saves $5m, equal to 5% of this total.",
7,Hypothetical operating break-even rises as selling price falls,Sale price $100,400.0,Thousand saleable units/year,"Illustrative product-neutral calculation: $65 materials + $10 variable conversion per saleable unit; $10m annual fixed operating cost. Before depreciation, interest and tax.",
7,Hypothetical operating break-even rises as selling price falls,Sale price $90,666.6666666666666,Thousand saleable units/year,"Illustrative product-neutral calculation: $65 materials + $10 variable conversion per saleable unit; $10m annual fixed operating cost. Before depreciation, interest and tax.",