Exhibit,Title,Label,Value,Unit,Method / note,Sources
1,Transformer lead-time evidence must retain its date,"2019 orders, historical DOE account","Three to six months, particularly distribution transformers.",Decision framework,Historical ranges and current qualitative statement have different vintages and scopes. They are not a forecast of any new order.,https://www.energy.gov/oe/articles/doe-and-industry-team-keep-lights-america; https://www.energy.gov/oe/articles/innovative-solutions-grid-equipment-shortages
1,Transformer lead-time evidence must retain its date,"2023 orders, historical DOE account","Twelve to thirty months, reported in February 2024.",Decision framework,Historical ranges and current qualitative statement have different vintages and scopes. They are not a forecast of any new order.,https://www.energy.gov/oe/articles/doe-and-industry-team-keep-lights-america; https://www.energy.gov/oe/articles/innovative-solutions-grid-equipment-shortages
1,Transformer lead-time evidence must retain its date,October 2026 DOE update,Multi-year lead times persist; no universal current numerical range supplied.,Decision framework,Historical ranges and current qualitative statement have different vintages and scopes. They are not a forecast of any new order.,https://www.energy.gov/oe/articles/doe-and-industry-team-keep-lights-america; https://www.energy.gov/oe/articles/innovative-solutions-grid-equipment-shortages
1,Transformer lead-time evidence must retain its date,A live procurement,"Use an order-specific, approval-to-energisation schedule.",Decision framework,Historical ranges and current qualitative statement have different vintages and scopes. They are not a forecast of any new order.,https://www.energy.gov/oe/articles/doe-and-industry-team-keep-lights-america; https://www.energy.gov/oe/articles/innovative-solutions-grid-equipment-shortages
2,US transformer supply deficits estimated in August 2025,Power transformers,30,% of annual demand,"Wood Mackenzie estimates based on annual supply and demand. Historical research estimates, not current shortage rates as at the latest review.",https://www.woodmac.com/news/opinion/transformer-troubles-manufacturing-and-policy-constraints-hit-us-transformer-supply/
2,US transformer supply deficits estimated in August 2025,Distribution transformers,6,% of annual demand,"Wood Mackenzie estimates based on annual supply and demand. Historical research estimates, not current shortage rates as at the latest review.",https://www.woodmac.com/news/opinion/transformer-troubles-manufacturing-and-policy-constraints-hit-us-transformer-supply/
3,Hypothetical present value of a 20 kW average loss reduction,$0.04/kWh,68.80557703140465,US$ thousand,"Illustrative calculation: 8,760 energised hours/year, 20 years, 8% annual discount rate, no escalation or tax. Savings occur at each year end.",
3,Hypothetical present value of a 20 kW average loss reduction,$0.08/kWh,137.6111540628093,US$ thousand,"Illustrative calculation: 8,760 energised hours/year, 20 years, 8% annual discount rate, no escalation or tax. Savings occur at each year end.",
3,Hypothetical present value of a 20 kW average loss reduction,$0.12/kWh,206.41673109421396,US$ thousand,"Illustrative calculation: 8,760 energised hours/year, 20 years, 8% annual discount rate, no escalation or tax. Savings occur at each year end.",
4,Hypothetical price saving versus critical-path delay,Purchase saving,"$1.20m − $1.05m = $150,000.",Decision framework,"Invented project assumptions used to demonstrate arithmetic, not equipment quotations or typical project returns.",
4,Hypothetical price saving versus critical-path delay,Incremental delay cost,"3 months × $150,000/month = $450,000.",Decision framework,"Invented project assumptions used to demonstrate arithmetic, not equipment quotations or typical project returns.",
4,Hypothetical price saving versus critical-path delay,Net disadvantage of cheaper offer,"$450,000 − $150,000 = $300,000, before other effects.",Decision framework,"Invented project assumptions used to demonstrate arithmetic, not equipment quotations or typical project returns.",
4,Hypothetical price saving versus critical-path delay,Required qualification,"Delay must affect energisation; loss must be incremental contribution, not gross revenue.",Decision framework,"Invented project assumptions used to demonstrate arithmetic, not equipment quotations or typical project returns.",
5,Acceptance evidence and its commercial consequence,Design evidence,Qualified review of applicability to the proposed duty and actual design.,Decision framework,BaiyX analytical procurement framework. Qualified engineers must define the applicable test scope.,
5,Acceptance evidence and its commercial consequence,Unit test record,"Traceable serial number, procedure, results, deviations and disposition.",Decision framework,BaiyX analytical procurement framework. Qualified engineers must define the applicable test scope.,
5,Acceptance evidence and its commercial consequence,Non-conformance response,"Correction, retest, approved concession or rejection under agreed criteria.",Decision framework,BaiyX analytical procurement framework. Qualified engineers must define the applicable test scope.,
5,Acceptance evidence and its commercial consequence,Site acceptance,Required condition checks and integrated commissioning after delivery.,Decision framework,BaiyX analytical procurement framework. Qualified engineers must define the applicable test scope.,
6,Hypothetical spare: expected annual interruption loss avoided,Event probability 2%,40.0,US$ thousand,"Invented probability sensitivities, not observed failure rates. Avoided consequence = 4 months × $0.5m/month = $2m/event. Compare with assumed $80k annual storage/preservation/insurance/admin expense, excluding financing and capital recovery; initial $1m capital is separate.",
6,Hypothetical spare: expected annual interruption loss avoided,Event probability 5%,100.0,US$ thousand,"Invented probability sensitivities, not observed failure rates. Avoided consequence = 4 months × $0.5m/month = $2m/event. Compare with assumed $80k annual storage/preservation/insurance/admin expense, excluding financing and capital recovery; initial $1m capital is separate.",
6,Hypothetical spare: expected annual interruption loss avoided,Event probability 10%,200.0,US$ thousand,"Invented probability sensitivities, not observed failure rates. Avoided consequence = 4 months × $0.5m/month = $2m/event. Compare with assumed $80k annual storage/preservation/insurance/admin expense, excluding financing and capital recovery; initial $1m capital is separate.",